Permanent residence (United States) - Wikipedia. United States Permanent Resident Card (green card) (May 2. United States Permanent Resident Card (2. United States Alien Registration Receipt Card (1. United States lawful permanent residency is the immigration status of a person authorized to live and work in the United States of America permanently. ![]() ![]() A United States Permanent Resident Card (USCIS Form I- 5. Alien Registration Card or Alien Registration Receipt Card (INS Form I- 1. United States. It is known informally as a green card because it was green from 1. ![]() May 1. 1, 2. 01. 0 it was reverted to the color green. The green card serves as proof that its holder, a lawful permanent resident (LPR), has been officially granted immigration benefits, which include permission to reside and take employment in the United States. The holder must maintain permanent resident status, and can be removed from the United States if certain conditions of this status are not met. Green cards were formerly issued by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). The Homeland Security Act of 2. Pub. 2. 13. 5) dismantled INS and separated the former agency into three components within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The first, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) handles applications for immigration benefits.
Two other agencies were created to oversee the INS's former functions of immigration enforcement: U. S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and U. S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), respectively. Failing to do so is a violation of the Immigration and Nationality Act, carrying the possibility of a fine up to $1. After this period, the card must be renewed or replaced. Most of the information on the card is self- evident. The format follows the machine- readable travel document TD2 format: 1. C1 = resident within the United States, C2 = permanent resident commuter (living in Canada or Mexico)3. Depending on the length of the name, the father's and mother's initials may be omitted. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Green card. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to. Department of State 2018 Diversity Visa Lottery. We recommend using the OFFICIAL US GOVERNMENT SITE (linked above) to apply for the DV. A man wanting to stay in the US enters into a marriage of convenience, but it turns into more. Apply for a Green Card. The US Green Card, also known as the permanent resident card, gives the holder permanent residence in the United States. A full list of category codes (i. IR1, E2. 1, etc.) can be found in the Federal Register. They are shipped with a protective sleeve intended to protect the card from remote access, but it is reported to be inadequate. This period is shortened to three years if married to a U. S. Lawful permanent residents may submit their applications for naturalization as early as 9. In the United States, 8. Lawful permanent residents generally do not have the right to vote, the right to be elected in federal and state elections (although even naturalized citizens cannot be elected President under Article II of the Constitution), the ability to bring family members to the United States (permanent residents are allowed to sponsor certain family members. Male permanent residents between the ages of 1. Selective Service System. Permanent residents who reside in the United States must pay taxes on their worldwide income (this includes filing annual U. S. There are three sub- groups: 1. Foreign nationals with extraordinary ability in sciences, arts, education, business, or athletics; 2. Foreign nationals that are outstanding professors or researchers with at least three years' experience in teaching or research and who are recognized internationally; 3. Foreign nationals that are managers and executives subject to international transfer to the United States. Currently, individuals from China (mainland), India, Mexico and the Philippines are subject to per- country quotas in most of the categories, and the waiting time may take longer (additional 5. The quotas include not only the principal applicants but also their nuclear family members. Application process. The whole process may take several years, depending on the type of immigrant category and the country of chargeability. An applicant (alien) in the United States can obtain two permits while the case is pending after a certain stage is passed in green card processing (filing of I- 4. The first is a temporary work permit known as the Employment Authorization Document (EAD), which allows the alien to take employment in the United States. The second is a temporary travel document, advance parole, which allows the alien to re- enter the United States. Both permits confer benefits that are independent of any existing status granted to the alien. For example, the alien might already have permission to work in the United States under an H- 1. B visa. Immigrant petition (Form I- 1. Form I- 1. 30) . If a sibling is applying, she or he must have the same parents as the applicant. Immigrant visa availability . A visa number might not be immediately available even if the USCIS approves the petition, because the number of immigrant visa numbers is limited every year by quotas set in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). There are also certain additional limitations by country of chargeability. Thus, most immigrants will be placed on lengthy waiting lists. Those immigrants who are immediate relatives of a U. S. Except for immediate relatives of U. S. For immediate relatives and other relative categories whose visa numbers are current, adjustment of status can be filed for at the same time with the petition (step 1 above). Adjustment of status is submitted to USCIS via form I- 4. Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status. Once the adjustment of status application is accepted, the alien is allowed to stay in the United States even if the original period of authorized stay on the Form I- 9. If the alien has to leave the United States during this time, he/she can apply for travel documents at the USCIS with form I- 1. Advance parole. If the application is approved, the alien becomes an LPR, and the actual green card is mailed to the alien's last known mailing address. Consular processing . It still requires the immigrant visa petition to be first completed and approved. The applicant may make an appointment at the U. S. If the case is approved, an immigrant visa is issued by the U. S. The visa entitles the holder to travel to the United States as an immigrant. At the port of entry, the immigrant visa holder immediately becomes a permanent resident, and is processed for a permanent resident card and receives an I- 5. The permanent resident card is mailed to his/her U. S. However, all other family- based categories have significant backlogs, even with a U. S. The form and instructions can be found on the U. S. Citizenship and Immigration Services website. Additional documents, such as police certificates, may be required depending on whether immigrant visa (consular processing) or adjustment of status is being utilized. In the case of consular processing outside the United States one should ensure one is up- to- date with the particular practices of the relevant US embassy or consulate. The foreign spouse of a green card holder must wait for approval of an . Due to numerical limitation on the number of these visas, the wait time for approval may be months or years. In the interim, the spouse cannot be legally present in the United States, unless he or she secures a visa by some other means. Green card holders may opt to wait to become U. S. However, many green card holders can choose to apply for the spouse or children and update their application after becoming a U. S. A mechanism to unite families of green card holders was created by the LIFE Act by the introduction of a . The law expired on December 3. V visas are no longer available. From time to time, bills are introduced in Congress to reinstate V visas, but so far none have been successful. Improving the application process in obtaining a green card. USCIS tries to shorten the time qualified applicants wait to receive permanent residence. Challenges with processing time of application. To address the issue of slow processing times, USCIS has made a policy allowing applicants to submit the I- 1. I- 4. 85 forms at the same time. This has reduced the processing time. Another delay in the process comes when applications have mistakes. In these cases papers are sent back to the applicant, further delaying the process. Georgia's Augusta Chronicle in 2. United States. Immigrants need visas to get off of these waiting lists, and Congress would need to change immigration law in order to accommodate them with legal status. The number of green cards that can be granted to family- based applicants depends on what preference category they fall under. An unlimited number of immediate relatives can receive green cards because there is no quota for that category. Family members who fall under the other various preference categories have fixed quotas, however the number of visas issued from each category may vary because unused visas from one category may rollover into another category. The three- step process outlined above is described here in more detail for employment- based immigration applications. After the process is complete, the alien is expected to take the certified job offered by the employer to substantiate his or her immigrant status, since the application ultimately rests on the alien's employment with that company in that particular position. Immigrant petition . Some of the requirements to prove this situation include: proof of advertising for the specific position; skill requirements particular to the job; verification of the prevailing wage for a position; and the employer's ability to pay. This is currently done through an electronic system known as PERM. In some cases, for highly skilled foreign nationals (EB1 and EB2 National Interest Waiver, e. This step is processed by the United States Department of Labor (DOL). The labor certification is valid for 6 months from the time it is approved. Immigrant petition . The application is form I- 1. Immigrant Petition for Alien Worker. There are several EB (employment- based) immigrant categories (i. EB1- EA, EB2- NIW, EB5). Many of the applications are processed under the EB3 category. Many of the EB categories allow expedited processing of this stage, known as .
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